Ms Alani Morgan1, Dr Stephen Ball1,2, Mr Jason Belcher2,1, Ms Caitlyn Pavey-Smith2, Prof. Judith Finn1,2
1Curtin University, Perth, Australia, 2St John WA, Belmont, Australia
Biography:
Prof Judith Finn is Director of the Prehospital, Resuscitation & Emergency Care Research Unit (PRECRU) in the Curtin School of Nursing, Perth, WA – St John WA being PRECRU’s principal research parter. Judith (critical care registered nurse and epidemiologist) was the inaugural Director of the Australasian Resuscitation Outcomes Consortium (Aus-ROC).
Abstract:
Background
Basic Life Support (BLS) courses train lay responders to use Automated External Defibrillators (AEDs), but typically demonstrate only one device. Simulation studies show that unfamiliar AED interfaces can delay defibrillation and increase user confusion and anxiety compared with familiar devices.¹ Certain AED design features have also been shown to reduce time to shock delivery.² We aimed to describe variation in key design features among AEDs available for sale in Australia.
Methods
Between March 2025 and February 2026, we conducted an online search to identify AEDs available for purchase from Australian-based distributors. Device characteristics were extracted from publicly available user manuals and technical specifications.
Results
Sixty-three AED models from 13 manufacturers were identified, with several devices rebranded by distributors. Marked variation was observed in appearance (shape and colour) and functionality. Activation methods included an on/off button (n=35), opening the lid (n=17), either method (n=10), or a pull handle combined with an on/off button (n=1). Paediatric mode selection included buttons or switches (n=28), dual-mode systems (n=7), a key (n=1), or child-specific electrode pads (n=27). Shock delivery modes included fully automatic (n=24), semi-automatic (n=31), and combined semi-automatic/manual (n=8). Notably, 51 of 63 distributors recommended BLS training prior to use.
Conclusion
There is substantial variation in the appearance and operation of AEDs available in Australia. This diversity may challenge BLS training programs, particularly when preparing lay responders to use unfamiliar devices during real-world cardiac arrest emergencies.
References
1. Slabe D, et al. Resuscitation Plus. 2024;20:100758
2. Mosesso VN, et al. Resuscitation. 2009;80:1285–1289